This is a verb [compounded] from bulkuru and tjarana. While bulkuru means spiritual infusion; breathing into the heart, tjarana means to rise up, expand, swell up, to fill up, rise, become puffed up
This word is composed of womba self and tjarana (for meaning see No. 21A.).
[Derived from] muna chest and tarana to rise, to ascend upwards, to swell up as when, for example, the breast swells, or the dough rises during the process of fermentation, etc.
[Derived from] mana mouth, doorway, entrance and ngapu quiet, noiseless.
[Derived from] kantjirina to show oneself again, to reappear, to become visible again
tandra means seed, fruit. Thus the term signifies either the fruit which may be eaten or the seed that may be processed for bread-making.
[From] ngandru bunch, cluster, pile, heap.
This word is composed of dulku and marra, with the addition of the verbal ending -na. Dulku signifies fat stomach and marra means new.
from diltja tendon; sinew and ngandri mother, i.e. [literally] 'mother of tendons'. That is to say, the 'chief tendon of the leg' is called diltjangandri.
This word is a contraction of dalpa ear and kaldru open, literally therefore: 'open-eared'.
This word is a compound of daka hard ground; clod, Reuther: "Schrulle" instead of Scholle. lump of earth and ngandrana which is derived from nandrana to throw; to strike. The meaning [of the word] is therefore: 'to fling on to the hard ground'.
This word is composed of dalpa ear and wonkana to sing; to whisper. The meaning is: 'to whisper into someone's ear; to ear-bash'.
This word is composed of dia end and turu sharp, literally, therefore: 'sharp end'.
This word is a contraction of kalka evening and ngura place; camp, signifying 'in the camp at evening'.
This word is a contraction of kalka evening and maralje red, signifying 'evening red'.
This word is compounded from kara and worana 'who are you?'. The name is derived from a legend. Once, when two mutually strange muramura met together, one asked the other: kara worana jidni? who are you?
This word is compounded of kalu liver, mara hand, and -na (denoting the verbal ending). It [literally] means: 'for the liver always to have its hand open'.
This word is a compound of kalu liver and ngarrana to shiver from the cold, or of fright. The [literal] meaning is: 'for the liver to quiver'.
[Derived from] kalu liver and marra together, as e.g. (1) noa marra both spouses together, (2) neji marra both brothers together, etc.
consists of kalu liver combined with pakina to expand; to burst.
kapikapina is derived from kapi egg. Compare: oval; to encircle; to encompass with a ring of people; to enclose.
[Derived from] karla hind part and diri stumpy, hence 'stumpy hindquarters'.
derived from manju tasty and maralje red. The meaning is therefore 'a tasty red seed'.
[derived from] wadla stone and nguru hard, meaning 'a hard stone' or 'as hard as stone'. This refers to the [nature of the] seed.
derived from kati branch and butubutu head, refers to the heads or seedpods on the branches.
derived from bujuru to fall. This plant loses its leaves, so that only the thorns remain.
derived from piti stem and kudu twig, means 'many twigs on the main stem'.
derived from kilikili very tender and -ku he, means 'it is very tender'. The kadni eat this plant.
derived from minga flower and kuru shade, is a flowering shrub that [is made use of for] providing shade.
this is a Jauraworka word. In Diari it is kalumba from kalu liver and ba leaf, i.e. liver-like leaves.
derived from kadni type of lizard; and liriliri reddish. The plant has a reddish flower like the eyes of the kadni lizard.
derived from kini main stem, mali leaf, and ljerra there The meaning is 'leaves on yonder main stem'. The leaves of this plant are set on the main stem.
this is a Jauraworka word, derived from winka upper part of a plant and ra mura root, and means 'plant and root', both of which are eaten. The roots are roasted in the ashes. Cf. No. 3760.
derived from ngura shin or stem and wonpa heap; mass, indicates that 'a whole mass or multitude of seed grows along the stem'.
derived from tara (tarana) to ascend; to fly and paua seed, means 'the seed flies upwards'. Since this seed is very light [in weight], the wind [readily] blows it away.
Diari, [from wita or witta stage, degree, denoting the uniform distance of one thing from another (e.g. an arm) and -ta tana they]. The branches of this shrub shoot out uniformly from the main stem.
a Ngameni word, billi meaning string-bag and kujura type of grass.
this is a Jauraworka word, meaning 'secret, hidden'. This grass grows amongst other grasses, so that it is hidden by them, as it were.
derived from kaldra to rustle and tiwitiwi blossom, fruit.
meaning 'very strong; tough'. If one's foot gets caught up in this creeping plant, it does not easily snap off. Hence the name.
a Diari [word], derived from maku species and muru coarse meaning 'coarse variety'.
a Diari [word], derived from ngarra juice and ngaraua bitter, hence 'bitter juice'. This shrub has a bitter flavour, when plucked and placed in the mouth.
derived from paja bird and moku bone, meaning 'bone of a bird'. That is to say, the stem is hollow like a bird.
derived from poto thing or head decoration and paja bird, and means 'ornamentation on the head'. This grass has a flower like a bird's crest Reuther: "Vogelhippe". or like the cap on a native man's head.
Diari [word], derived from judla you two, dual form and tiwitiwi flower, bud, means 'the flower is situated between two stems'. That is to say, the flower of this edible plant bursts into blossom between two branches or twigs. Hence the derivation of the name.
a Diari [word], derived from judlanti (as in No. 401) and ngaka either side of a string-bag The two corners [of a string-bag] are called wapu and the empty space inside is known as mana mouth.
Diari [word], derived from duntjirina to sneeze. Here two aspects apply: (1) when the fruit of the duntji is trodden on, it gives off a sort of sneezing sound; and (2) when smelling the duntji plant, one is compelled to sneeze.
derived from waja strong and rla he, means 'the strong one'. [Apparently the reference is to the] stem.
derived from turana to lie down, to sleep. The turatura plant lies on the ground, as though it were sleeping.
derived from dalpa ear; leaf and tandra fruit; seed, signifies that the seed is in the leaves.
meaning 'entangled, confused'. [This plant is] so named because the root of the punkupunku looks like an entangled coil or knot.
derived from kutja feather; leaf and wonduru semi-circular woven string-bag. This name is given [to the plant] because the kutjawonduru has leaves resembling the wonduru string-bag.
derived from ngapa water and wiriljera to move. When the leaves [of this plant] move in a light breeze, they whisper like water on the surface [of the lake].
derived from maku onion and woda stem, and means: the stem comes forth from the onion (bulb), or: the onion is on the stem.
from dilka prickle and kanta grass, plant, means prickly plant.
from kudna scent, perfume and kudirka nicely-perfumed, indicates that it gives off a pleasant perfume. This grass is tied around the head in the course of a headache or a cold, in order to dispel pain..
a Jauraworka word, derived from winpa deep and ra she, denoting that [this plant] strikes deep root.
a Ngameni word, derived from nidla burnt out coal and kuru wood, fire, and denotes coals of fire that have burnt down. When this shrub is burnt, it leaves no coals; hence the name.
means 'one' because this onion grass bears only one bulb (fruit) and sends up only one stalk.
means 'high'. So named because this grass grows almost as high as a man.
a Wonkanguru word, meaning dog, because this plant is hairy like the coat of a dog.
derived from kura sharp, pointed and marla hairy, and means 'sharp hairs'. The seed (fruit) tapers to a point like a turban and is surrounded by hairs inside the pod.
from mutju high and rumba armless, indicates the absence of branches or twigs. This plant sends up only one single stem, on which the fruit sets.
a Kujani word, derived from kari scent and marla much, strong, and means 'strongly scented', for this plant has a strong perfume.
a Jauraworka word, comprised of marka tall and markara to bend. This plant at first grows tall, then it doubles over.
derived from paru fish and milkitandra eye, means 'fish-eyes'. The seed [of this plant] looks like fishes' eyes.
a Jauraworka word, meaning pleasantly-perfumed.
derived from dilda fruit and mpura sharp, pointed, indicates that the fruit is point-shaped.
derived from kindala dog, ngampa hairs, mandra body, and -ni in means 'to have dog's hairs in the stomach'. These hairs are [actually] in the seed-pod.
means 'liver'.This plant is so named because it feels compact like liver.
means 'bitter'. The leaves of this bush are bitter. They are burnt and the ashes chewed [i.e. mixed with the native tobacco]. See the reference to this in "Savage Life in Central Australia" by G. Horne and G. Aiston (MacMillan and Co. Ltd, London), page 65.
a Wonkanguru word, derived from tara upper part of thigh and nguna arm; bough, and means 'branches at thigh [level]'. This plant throws out branches immediately from the bottom.
signifies as much as palkaterina to spread out The branches of this bush spread out very widely.
means 'bare, barren; level on top'. The top of the bush is just as though it has been shorn, and looks like a baldhead.
from kudna perfume and pirra red, indicates [a plant with] a pleasant perfume and red seeds.
from ngura shin and dikiri high, tall, suggesting a long leg, in this case a tall stem.
means 'shining, glittering'. The seed [of this plant] is shiny.
from tjurlutjurlu tapering to a point and runga they, indicates that the seed-pod tapers to a point.
means 'to belch (from eating)'. Any person who eats the fruit of this plant belches as a result.
a Wonkarabana word, derived from tirra reddish and paua seed. This plant has a reddish seed.
a Kujani word, compounded of junga water bag made out of skin and -nta inside. The seed-pod looks like a waterbag, and inside of it are the seeds.
means 'hard'. The seeds [of this plant] are hard.
means 'lice eggs'. The seeds of this plant are so tiny.
a Diari [word], from kari root and wiri leaves. Both roots and leaves [of this plant] are eaten.
a Diari [word] derived from ngura shin and puda white as ashes, and indicates that the stem of the plant is as white as ash.
a Diari [word] composed of woma large snake that is eaten and maji ball, and suggests 'a round tuber with colours like those of a carpet-snake (woma)'. It is a kind of potato.
a Diari [word] derived from wokara neck, kata cracking sound, and pirna very, and suggests 'a marked cracking sound in the neck'. When the weather is hot, the seed-pods [of this plant] burst open with a sharp snapping sound.
a Diari [word] derived from tidna foot, mara hand and buruna to stoop, bend, curl up, with -na signifying the masculine and -ni the feminine ending). The meaning is 'to curl up, hands and feet together'. This name is given to the grub that settles inside the roots of this bush. Hence the name of the bush itself.
from ngura shin, stem and kulka to open up, to spread out. The bush spreads out at the top in the shape of a chalice.
[This word, comprised of] kala shoot that enamates from the onion-like bulb and ka flower, indicating that the shoot which sprouts from the onion bulb produces the flower.
a Wonkanguru word, comprised of kala shoot (that sprouts from the bulb) and jita flower. The flower [of this plant] is like a lily.
a Ngameni word, composed of ngama udder; a woman's breast; milk and katakata broken off When the stem is broken off, it exudes a milky [substance]. This, then, is a milky type of plant.
means 'knob; lump'. [This plant] bears knobs on its roots.
from danka sweet and kaldri bitter The peel is bitter, but [the fruit] inside is sweet.
derived from mimi lip and kila to crimp or pucker the lips. On eating the fruit [of this plant] one puckers the lips, because it is extremely bitter. From this the bush has derived its name.
from wordu short and ru knot; joint This grass grows like grain-stalks, and, similar to these, has a knob at every short joint. From this it derives its name..
from dupa white and ra root, means 'white roots'. This plant has an edible white root; from this it has derived its name.
a Ngameni word, the Diari equivalent being wordu short. The plant has a short root.
from karku red ochre and kanta grass; herbage, means 'grass like red ochre'.
derived from mudla nose and kaura pointed, that is 'a sharp nose'. The seed-pod is pointed like a sharp nose.
from tjimpi root and rka branch; runner; sucker, denotes that the root has many suckers or tributary roots.
a Diari [word] from nguna branch and dula bulb, indicates small bulbs on the branching roots.
from dara aridness; desert; drought and parkilja green, means 'green during a drought'. When everything else has died off, this plant [still] remains green.
means 'ball; bundle; tuft'. It grows here and there, in little bundles.
derived from wirla twig, branch and bi flower, means that flowers grow on the twigs.
means 'white'. The colour of both plant and flower.
from kidni stock, stem and mpira tall, means 'a tall stem'.
from wanngi strong and ri she, means 'it is a strong [plant]'.
derived from koko, meaning hollow, and indicates a hollow-stemmed [plant].
from mangatandra head and dupudupu curly, means 'curly-headed', or 'curly-topped'.
derived from tiri rib and minta breast, means 'stripes on the breast'. This plant is named after a caterpillar that has a striped breast.
derived from ngura stem and maralje red, indicates 'a plant with a red stem'.
from kalara stone axe and wajini to cook, means 'to cook a stone axe'. The reason for this name is obscure.
a Jauraworka word, compounded of padla bird and baru yellow, and means 'a yellow bird'.
from milki eye and tjerpara to stare at, means 'a stary eye'.
from para hair and karli locks; curls, means 'curly hair'.
derived from wonku type of snake and mana mouth, signifies the 'mouth of a snake'.
In reference to the names, let no one take exception to finding that one and the same word [reveals] a fundamental change in meaning. These names are the product of many different tribes, so that an identical word [can] acquire a variation of meanings. Because the language of these people had to be handed down from one generation to the next by word of mouth, it was also subject to the [process] of having to undergo various changes. For example, it is easy to distinguish the old Diari from that which is spoken today. Then, with particular reference to proper names (nomina propria), oftimes a strange abbreviation of individual words becomes very apparent.
This word, a compound of kantja green (e.g. grass) and waru white; naked, devoid of bush and grass means 'green-white' or 'green and white'.
[The word is a compound of] karu one who is not painted up, not decorated and warli secret, and means 'one who remains secluded and without [ceremonial] decoration'.
This word is composed of kapara loins and -rau, -ralau, or -ranau, which are equivalent to jara this way, i.e. 'loins this way'. kaparau ngakangu! come here to me! .
This word is derived from kapara loins, to which the intransitive verbal form is attached. The meaning is: 'to move the loins [or thighs]'.
ka is the call of the crows, and wolka young crow. The meaning [of the word therefore is]: 'the cry of the young crows'.
katimarkara is a Ngamani word and is a compound of the adjective kati very stout, e.g. a stout tree, and the verb markarana to crawl, to glide along on the stomach. It means 'a fat crawler'.
This word is derived from kalu liver and means 'to cover the liver'. When a woman has advanced to the age of being a kaluka, the breasts begin to sag and thus cover up the liver, as it were.
This is a compound of kalu liver and winkana to fetch something from nearby.
derived from kaka uncle and billi net, [and literally] means: 'a net for uncle'. In Bavaria one would say: 'uncle's peaked nightcap. The old Bavarian fathers in the country were fond of wearing them.
This word, composed of kabu net and luru bird-down, denotes a net made of bird-down. Reuther: "im boesen Sinn".
ka signifies as much as to breathe heavily, or to breathe very quickly, and the inserted syllable -ri- indicates an intransitive form, i.e. an involuntary action. The meaning, therefore is: 'for a person to breathe very quickly', which is certainly the case when running after something.
compound of kanku boy, lad and pinta bond, covenant, signifies 'the bond of boyhood', i.e. circumcision, more literally: 'the foreskin that has been cut away'.
This word is derived from kalu liver.
It should not be overlooked that kalkani is derived from kalka evening remotely distant and -ni (which can mean in, one after, or towards. The meaning is therefore: towards evening, which indicates as much as towards the evening of days or in the last [or in recent] days.
kalju is a species of tree, while maru means broad also thick scrub. kaljumaru therefore means 'country in which dense kalju scrub grows. Because of this tree, the wind coming from the [same] direction is named likewise.
kalka signifies evening in general, i.e. when one is absent from camp. kalkaura is a compound of kalka and ura, and means: 'at evening, in camp'. Therefore, when a man is at home in camp during the evening, the word kalkaura is used.
'evening new'.
The word, composed of kanpu echo and nguru strong, healthy, denotes a big noise, that is to say, a man who is able to fell a hefty blow, or who treads heavily with his feet. The term therefore signifies the type of person who displays a solid physique, in other words, a very strong and robust man.
Derived from kanpu echo, nguru strong, and -rina = the intransitive form of the verb, indicating oneself. The meaning is: 'to make one's own echo strong', i.e. to exert oneself to such an extent that there is a loud echo.
derived from kalu liver and wana to breathe deeply, that is, 'to breathe in and out', (for the liver to breathe in and out) e.g. like a pair of bellows. The meaning of the word derives from the fact that when an empty skin-waterbag is being filled, it gives a peculiar gurgling (or rumbling) sound when it is near to full.
Composed of kadi raw, uncooked) and wirina to go in), the word [literally] means 'to go in raw'.
The word, composed of kau yes and ngani I means 'I say yes'. tanali nina karkana warai ja nau kaukaungana [warai] Reuther omitted the auxiliary verb they him called and he complied when they called him he [acted in accordance and] went
From kirra boomerang and para hair. This fish is thin and flat, similar to a boomerang, and has whiskers around the snout. Meaning: that which is as narrow as a boomerang and wears whiskers around the snout.
one with a white spot on the forehead.
quite black.
vicious dog.
wide snout.
white.
one trained to abstain from food.
Composed of panto lake, paja bird, and -ni she. [This dog] dug [her]self a burrow in the steep bank of the lake, as directed.
composed of pau sound of footsteps, manka hither and thither, to and fro, -ri intransitive verb marker, and -na he. This is something that can be heard from the patter of his feet. Even without immediately seeing him, one could hear him running to and fro.
composed of tuntu stomach, kurarana to put into, and -ni she. Inadvertently Reuther wrote "-na he", etc..
composed of nura tail, dupunu short, and -na he.
composed of paraka slope, incline and -na he, meaning '[the one on] the slope, because he was fond of sitting there'
composed of karakara near, jili ticklish, and -ni she, denotes 'one that feels ticklish when approached [or] the ticklish one'.
composed of tirmi forehead, ngandra to catch, and -ni she, denotes 'one that has a white spot on the forehead', and [is good at] catching game, that is to say, can run fast. Meaning: the fast runner with a white spot on her forehead.
composed of nura tail, puda white, wulu two, and -na he, means 'one that has two white hind legs and a white tail'.
composed of kikara yellow and -ni she, means 'one that always passes yellow urine'.
composed of kila vulva, kipara urine, and -ni she, signifies 'one that is everlastingly voiding urine'.
composed of ngandri mother, child, and -ni she, means 'mother that is always sitting among her little ones (children)'.
compound of kangu perspiration and -na he, means 'one that continually perspires'.
compound of wonta wanderer and manina to fetch, means 'one that always goes hunting on its own'.
compound of para hair, kali knob; knot, and -na he, means 'one that has lumps of hair hanging down'.
made up of turu back, wajala bent, crooked, and -ni she, denotes 'one that is hump-backed' or 'the hunch-back'.
composed of maru plain, pila black, and -ni she, denotes 'black one that roams around on the plain'.
composed of kima swelling, ulcer and lina nulia he with transitive verbs, denotes 'one that has a bad sore'.
made up of panki side, -na- he and parapara (adverb, derived from paraparana to lie), describes 'one that lies on its side'.
composed of tampa stomach and kurarana to pour into, to stuff up Reuther wrote "hineinfressen" 'to eat into', but must have meant to say hineinstopfen. means 'to pour or stuff into the stomach'. This indicates [a dog] that always keeps on stuffing its stomach full, in other words, a gluttonous [animal].
made up of tula stone knife), milia to refrain from eating, to go hungry and -na he, suggests 'stone knife that is hungry due to "fasting"'. This, [of course] is a metaphor: just as a stone knife is not satisfied when it has to "fast", i.e. when it is not used, and it is there to be used, so also a dog [is not satisfied] when it is forced to go without food.
composed of wora side; cheek, waku uneven, one-sided, and -na he, denotes 'one that has unidentical cheeks'.
compounded of [ tanina] bark (of a tree) and kula[na] to press apart, to widen, signifies 'the one that presses the bark apart'.
comprised of pirna big and warankana to leave on his/her own; to cast behind; to leave behind and go on ahead, denotes a big dog that runs on ahead of the others.
made up of paja bird, minka hole, burrow, and -ni she, indicates 'one that sits on a bird's nest', in other words, that digs out a round hole, like a bird which makes its nest in a hollow.
made up of wartji fat, ngampu almost, nearly, and -na he, indicates 'one that is almost fat; the semi-fat one'.
composed of marda stone, bulu white; bright, and -na he, signifies 'white stone or one that is the colour of a white stone'.
composed of woma [type of] large snake, tundru stomach, and -nu he, signifies 'dog that has a fat stomach like a woman', i.e. the fat-bellied one.
derived from talpana to stare at, denotes a dog that looks fixedly at a person.
composed of kulki crest on the head and tjiri straight; stiff, denotes '[a dog] whose hair on the head stands stiff and straight up'.
derived from kakuru type of bush, also called wirra, ala black, wulu both and -na he, signifies 'dog that has the colour of a wirra bush mixed with black, i.e. the ashen-gray one'.
composed of kanta grass; hair, panturu firstborn and -na he, denotes 'first-born one that has a beautiful fur'.
derived from wiri string, waru white, and -nkani (from nankani her), means 'her white string'.
derived from kata louse, katalkana to snap with its teeth, -ri the intransitive verb marker, and -na he, signifies '[a dog] that searches for fleas with snapping teeth'.
derived from karankara lean, thin and -ni she, means 'lean, skinny one'.
composed of kaji mark, symbol and wora side, signifies 'one that has markings or that is spotted on the sides'.
derived from tapa wound, sore and -ni she, denotes 'one that has sores'.
from jeltja lean and -ni she, means 'thin, skinny one'.
derived from paraka shore; slope, tindritindri to wag the tail and -na he, denotes 'one that sits on the shore in the shade and wags his tail'.
derived from paraka shore, paja bird, walpu bone and -na he, denotes 'one that is sitting on the shore [of the lake] in the shade, with a bird-bone in its mouth'.
composed of malja dirt; mud, clay, wora side and -ni she, denotes 'one that has been lying dawn in the mud and consequently is dirty on the one side'.
composed of talpa ear, karu grey and -nu he, denotes 'one with grey ears'.
composed of woti (from wotina to build), bujuru type of bush and -nu he, denotes 'one that likes to scratch a hole for himself under a bujuru-bush'.
derived from ngulu forehead, warila big, wide and -na he, denotes 'one that has a broad forehead'.
derived from ngara heart and tjarina to grow tired, denotes 'one that soon tires'.
from turupilla coal, means 'one that is as black as coal'.
composed of mudla face, wanga short, [and -na he, means 'one with a short snout'.
derived from kakarla entrails, bowels and tajiri twisted, means 'one that has twisted bowels'.
from jurijuri vein and -ni she, indicates 'one with prominent veins'.
meaning CHECK.
from wiljaru black, means 'black one'.
derived from ngaruntu sleepy, dreamy, indicates 'one that is lazy and continually lying down'.
from palkuru type of bush, means 'one that digs her hole under a palkuru bush'.
compound of turpa dust, kundru back, spine, and -na he, means 'one that has dust on its back'.
composed of kipara urine, -li the transitive verb marker, patapata moist earth and worana to throw, specified 'one that covers (with sand) the ground that has been wetted by urine' (as dogs are accustomed to doing).
composed of karlu testicles, warankana to disappear and -na he, indicates 'one that has lost its testicles'.
comprised of tjarlu froth and warina to hang dawn, denotes 'one whose froth is dripping [from the mouth]'.
made up of kunpa young offspring, kurana to lay dawn; to give birth to and -ni she, indicates 'one that is continually having pups'.
comprised of minka hole, burrow, turpana to turn, to spin, to dig, and -na he, means 'one that is continually digging holes'.
derived from kirra fangs and watawata secretly signifies 'one that furtively steals away to bring something back in his [sharp] fangs'.
derived from dakarina to scratch, signifies 'one that scratches with her paws'.
composed of kuna dung, excreta, buru (from burubana to cover up), and -na he, denotes 'one that covers up his excreta'.
derived from mukari type of shrub and parkina to run means 'one that runs like a mukari shrub'. [The point is that] the mukari shrub extends its branches in all directions.
composed of mangatandra head, maru black, and -na he, denotes 'one with a black head'.
made up of waja black, warili long, and -na he, means 'long, black one'.
compounded of pilpa cheek, and -na he, denotes 'one that has white cheeks'.
from tjiri type of timber, woda branch or thick piece of wood, and -na he, means 'one that has scratched its hole under the reclining branch of a tjiri tree'.
from kana person, man, kudnana to dung; to excrete, and -na he, means 'one that excretes like a human being'.
from pinta union between two, bulu unable, and -nu she, signifies 'one [i.e. a bitch] that was connected to a [male] dog (during the mating season)'.
from talpa ear, nundu short, and -na he, denotes 'one that has short ears'.
from tjiri type of tree, palkura [a type of] bush, and -na he, indicates 'one that dug its hole under a tjiri bush'.
comprised of karli already, tiritiri or tirimalina to fight one another, and -ni she, signifies '[bitch] that fights with other dogs'.
from wonta hill; back, marlirana to grow smaller, and -na he, indicates 'one that bends his back together (when he gets angry, so that he looks smaller)'.
composed of tipa tip of the tail, billi net; tuft, bundle, and -na he, signifies 'one that has a bushy tail'.
from wona hill, wakuru always, and -na he, denotes 'one that constantly sits on a hill'.
from kura bristly; shaggy, wora very and -na he, denotes 'shaggy one'.
derived from mardu totemic group, Reuther: "Geschlecht". wara there, yonder, and -na he, signifies 'one from the totemic group over that way'.
from kutja feathers (i.e. white) and -ni she, means 'white one (as white as feathers)'.
from tjumutu to grasp, hold, catch and no, not, indicates 'one that catches nothing'.
from murda to catch hold of, tara leg, and parani (from parana to lay dawn), indicates 'one that grabs its prey by the leg, drags it home), and lays it down'.
From jurlu straight ahead, parana towards the goal; right ahead, and -ni she, hence 'one that goes straight after its quarry'.
compounded of karka (from karkana to call; to bark), tara upper part of the thigh, parana to pursue, to follow right on after, and -ni she, denotes 'one that goes straight for her quarry, moving her legs forward (or running hard) and barking'.
one that has lost sight of the animal it is chasing and so searches around [for it].
From wontjiri long and -ni she, hence 'one that has long legs'.
Derived from tirta dog, maru black, and -na he, meaning 'black dog'.
From kaltjara fast, swift and -na he, meaning 'one that is a fast runner'.
Derived from ngapa water, munari slope, incline; bank and -na he, meaning 'one that digs its hole on the sloping bank near the water's edge'.
meaning not given.
one that takes no notice of the girl in the centre.
from kilki black and -ni she, means 'black one'.
derived from wontu not able to hold and no, denotes 'one that cannot be held back [or restrained]'.
from wuru white, young ones; and -ni she, indicates '[a bitch] that has white pups'.
from paja bird, jakara tooth and -na he signifies 'a bird-eater', Reuther: "der Vogelzahn". because he [would] chase birds and eat them.
derived from maltara emu feathers, warira below, and -na he, denotes 'one that is the colour of emu feathers (grey)'.
one that rambles and wanders about on the plains.
From kintja light; bright, and kuru wholly, entirely; hence, meaning: 'quite bright', i.e. clean and bright, without being soiled or showing a dirty spot or having any admixture of impurities.
from koko cavity; deepest part and terkibana to erect, therefore literally: 'to establish a hole'.
This word is a contraction of mura deity Reuther: "Gottheit". and ngara heart, i.e. 'heart of the deity'.
[derived] from kuri tender and kirra crescent-shaped throwing-stick [boomerang])
derived from kurieli and tarana respectively secretly to ascend
Derived from kuri secret and terkana to stand. Essentially the word means 'to lurk around'.
derived from kurukuru secret.
This word, compounded of kudna thick end of anything and worku around near-by; alongside; sideways, means 'the thick end lies sideways or crosswise'.
kutju in Wonkanguru - it is a word of Wonkanguru coinage - is wutju in Diari, and means 'long'. wonta is the term applied to a man who is on a journey. The [complete word] therefore means: 'a long stone knife' [for use] by a traveller, respectively, a stranger.
a compound of kulno one; alone and kilina to make dance movements.
This is a Wonkanguru word. In the present context "kudna" signifies a small ruffle on top of the head, around which the hair is turned and wound; nkari means 'to lie opposite. The word therefore signifies 'lying opposite the small ruffle on top of the head.
In Diari the word is tidnanta. tidna means 'foot' and -ta is a [grammatical] form indicating certainty; the -n- is inserted for euphony. The word tidnanta is derived from tidnanturu, which, compounded of tidna foot and turu fire, means 'the foot (or feet) towards the fire'. Since a man protects himself against the hot north winds in summer by erecting a windbreak on the north side of his camp, his feet face the fire, i.e. towards the south. That is why this direction is known by that term. People also lie down to sleep with their faces turned towards the south, because of the moon. A 'native', especially after bathing in the water, never turns his face to the moon, for he believes he would [then] become ill.
kuru indicates the cooing of the dove, and koku is the crop [or gizzard]. The meaning is: '[while] the dove coos, the seed in her crop becomes tenderized for her young ones'.
Derived from marda stone and wonpa hill.
Derived from marda stone and kalikali slope, incline.
meaning: one who stretches out his hands.
wata not, wokaralina to turn one's neck, to look around, to be concerned about others, to have sympathy, 'not to look back'. kana naujata ngamai manu wataworakalina, wata nulia kana ngundrai man he sits temperament not to look back, not he people considers this man sits there in unreflecting mood and is concerned about nobody
Derived from mana mouth and tandra fruit it means 'fruit in the mouth', or 'fruit of the mouth'.
from mana mouth, baka type, and pirna i.e. 'big-mouthed; Reuther: eine grosse Mundart. having a big mouth; boastful, "bawler-ish".
from mana mouth and mandurina to place together, meaning 'to place mouths together'.
derived from marra.
derived from mandra body, kaura rushing, circulating, agitated blood, and meaning: 'agitated blood in one's body'.
[derived from] mara hand and dunka foul, putrid, hence 'putrid hand', indicating things once held by the hand that now lingers in the grave.
Derived from manga highest point of anything and tandra fruit; mangatandra therefore means 'fruit at the upper end of the body', i.e. the head.
a confused, muddled thinker.
Derived from mana mouth and muka sleep, it signifies 'yawning in the morning', or sleep that still lingers in the mouth, or eating whilst one is still yawning from sleepiness.
Derived from mana mouth and dunka smell, i.e. 'to smell from the mouth; to have an offensive breath'.
interjection, coupled with the adverb bra majerra wapamarau now go in that direction!
meaning 'to look that way, to look away; to be modest, bashful'.
derived from mana mouth and kirra curved meaning 'the curved bone in the mouth'.
Compounded of mana mouth; neck or opening of a net-bag and miri high, it means 'as high as the opening'.
Derived from mana mouth, mira vile smell, and tarana to come out or to rise up, it means: 'for a vile smell to keep rising up from inside [the mouth]'.
Composed of mana mouth and ngardu type of seed, hence ngardungardu many grains of seed - it means: 'to have ulcers around the mouth resembling ngardu-seeds (similar to barley-corn in germination). pirnarali ja widlapirnali ngaianina dauadauana warai kadni waka wata tajinanto manangardungardu pantjiati venerable old men and venerable old women us forbade kadni big lizards small not should eat, ulcerated mouth [will] otherwise develop the old folks (men and women) have forbidden us to eat small kadni, lest we become sore-mouthed (receive ulcerated mouths) In this way they protected their game from the younger men.
from maku leg and manina to take, to fetch, i.e. to pick up from the ground and carry it on legs, either on top of the head, shoulder, in the arms, or on the hip.
Derived from maku leg, root and woda lump, signifies a lump on the roots.
A compound of manga head; and punku blind, signifying: 'a blind head', i.e. he has no eyes and sees nothing, therefore he knows nothing, he is ignorant.
mari in Diari = tjinpiri scars; cicatrices; kirla in Diari = witta step; division Elsewhere in his writings Reuther has consistently spelt this word marikilla cf. Volume VI; II, No.51; Vol. X, pp. 83-89, 99; and Dictionary No. 2062, No. 55, etc. S. Gason describes it as "a large brown snake, about 7 ft. long, has a large head, is very venomous and vicious", while J.G. Irrgang describes it as a green snake.
Compounded of wirra crack or cleft in the ground; broken earth and -la inhabiting Reuther: "-aner", respectively, "-anerin". it means: 'one that likes to live in cracks in the ground'. The Aborigines believe that it even follows footprints, in order to chase people.
Compounded of mandi moving up and down and killa indentation, it indicates that 'the water moves up and down so that indentations or troughs result'.
Compounded of manga head and waru white, it denotes 'a white head'.
literally 'eye-feathers'.
a compound of milki eye and -la he, denotes 'one who sees, Reuther: "Auger", a non-Dictionary word. perceives; one who knows, discerns, recognizes'.
Composed of milki eye and tjeri to see through, it signifies 'the eye [can] see through' ngapa nauja milkitjeri, paru ngato kantji naji water he transparent, fish I truly see the water is transparent; I can see the fish quite well
Composed of milki eye and wondrana to show it means: 'to show the eye'. [This may constitute] any tree or finger-post, by which one may recognize locality or direction.
Composed of milki eye and waru white, it means: 'the white-eyed one'.
This word is a compound of mili servant, listener and nguru strong, firm, immovable, and denotes 'a servant who resolutely attends his master', i.e. continually, always. Correctly speaking, the word should be milinguru; however, it was misinterpreted as milingeru, and so it is pronounced that way today.
A compound of milja abstaining, refraining and -ru from waru black, actually miljawaru 'abstinent when it is black', i.e. dark, thus [indicating] the time when it is dark and all is at rest, viz. night time.
From mindra navel, middle and wipa (from 'in the middle of the water'). Most times water remains standing for the longest period in the middle of a valley, or on the plain. Hence the word.
Derived from mana entrance; upper edge or opening of a net-bag; opening and miri high, and indicating 'full to the brim (upper rim)'.
A compound of miri high and wiri interwoven, round one another, signifying 'entangled in each other, with heads up'.
Derived from jelka edible type of small onion which is eaten with special liking by the Aborigines, balu naked, peeled, and -na he. Meaning: the particular tribal ancestor or demi-god Reuther: "Untergott" who invoked the Mura for jelka bulbs
From killa female genitalia and wilina to move, sway, vibrate. Meaning: 'for a woman's vagina to wobble, vibrate'.
He was one of the tribal ancestors of the Karangura. From kuju = kidni in Diari penis and moku bone. Meaning: 'bone[-like tissue] in a man's penis'.
[He was a muramura among the] Diaris. From dimpi middle and walakana to move towards, literally, 'to turn or toss oneself about'. Meaning: 'person who sleeps in the middle and rolls or moves over'.
Diari. From nura tail, wordu short, and bununa to make a scratch mark on the ground when dragging something along. Meaning: 'to drag one's short tail along the ground, so that the trail is visible'.
Diari. From mandra belly, stomach, manka contrary, and -na he. Meaning: 'one who has a stomach in reverse on his back'. The fact is, he had a hump-back, which protruded just like his stomach.
Wonkanguru and Tirari. From wadla millstone and kurukurumalkana to hide. Meaning: 'to hide a millstone'.
moon, derived from pirrapirra round.
Diari. From turu fire, pilla burnt-out black coals, and -na he. Meaning: 'one with burnt-out coals'.
Diari. From piti backside; anus, buru without, and -na he Meaning: 'one who has no anus', one who lacks the natural [means of] excreting digested food.
Wonkanguru, signifies eagle or jeraba jukalina. Meaning: 'Why like this? I am no longer able to find out'.
Wonkanguru, meaning short; small.
Ngamani. From mari body and killa ring. Meaning: 'rings around the body'.
Ngamani. From wipa valley and -ru etja inhabitant of Reuther: "-aner". Meaning: 'valley dweller'.
two old or reputable women. This couple comprises Narimalpiri and Wadlangurunu .
female, Wankanguru. This is a species of lizard.
male, Ngamani and Wankanguru. This is the name for pelican.
male crocodile. From kadi soft, juicy and markana to crawl. Meaning: 'to crawl over soft ground'.
male. From dara desert, drought, dry spell and -na he. He is the tribal ancestor who lived during a period of [great] drought.
male. From pampu testicle and wulu two. Meaning: 'two testicles'.
male, meaning to rain.
female. This [muramura] also belongs together with No. 20 and No. 21. The name means 'to make movements with the thighs', like women do when they dance.
male, means 'smooth'.
female. From mani fat, walku much, and -nu she. Meaning: 'one who smears herself with a lot of fat'. When singing her totemic songs for [the sending of] rain, [the performers] smear themselves likewise with a thick [layer] of fat and red ochre.
female. From mandra stomach, belly, parkulu two, and -nu she Meaning: 'woman with two stomachs, one in front and one at the back'. She is represented as having two faces.
female.
female. From kudna dung, excrement waku firmly, solidly, constantly and -nu she, meaning 'woman who doesn't venture out of her wurley when responding to nature's call, but who constantly (waku) keeps on reciting her invocatory songs for rain'.
female, Jauraworka, means small, little, short. Her invocatory songs are only short; that is why she acquired this name. At first a big, heavy rain fell for several minutes, but because her invocatory songs were only of short duration, the rain soon stopped.
female, Jandruwanta. From munjuru flies and wani she. Meaning: 'one surrounded by lots of flies (whilst singing her invocatory songs for rain)'. Her invocatory songs for rain are sung, when there are extremely many flies about.
female. From buka food and -ni she. Meaning: 'one who provided lots of food (buka) by way of her invocatory song'.
name of female. From noa spouse, nandrani, respectively nandrana to beat; to kill, and wulu two. Meaning: 'the two women who murdered their husband'.
female. Means 'black daughters', respectively children. From ngatani children, on the mother's part, and maru black. The point is, she had exclusively black children.
female, meaning 'child with a ruddy complexion'.
male. From pirna big; very and warankana to bend aside; to take evasive action.
female, Diari. meaning skinny.
male, Ngamini. From ngurra legs; worms and karla lean, thin; Meaning: 'one who has thin worms'.
female. From paraitji light, mandra middle, and -ni in. Meaning: 'in the centre of the light'.
male, Diari.
male, Diari. From kirra boomerang, pajirka or pajiri big; long, and -na he. Meaning: 'one with a long boomerang'. By always carrying the latter around with him, he acquired this name.
male, Wonkanguru. From balu naked; smooth and ngopina to crouch, squat down together.
male, Karangura.
male, Wonkanguru. From markanja to crawl and kurla or patana to seize, to grab.
male, Wonkanguru. From wiri hair and nguju one. The point is, he always tied his hair together in a bunch, so that it stood straight up.
female, two maidens.
male, meaning what is burning?.
female, meaning sun.
male, Ngamani.
male, Ngamani, meaning 'to devour the leaves from the centre, right out to the edge'.
female, Diari. [The name] signifies an insect (tjutju) which, by means of its body-fluids [or humours] forms kaka-daka, i.e. mounds like ants.
female, meaning swan.
female, meaning 'two little tails from the head-band, which hang down over the cheeks'.
male, meaning type of goanna.
Jauraworka. From kanta grass and padi snake, This looks like an obvious mistake. Nowhere does Reuther list a type of snake known as a padi. These are all edible caterpillars. (See the complete list under padi nguja, Dictionary No. 2664). signifying 'snake in the grass'.
means turkey.
The name signifies full billi dilly-bag].
[The name] signifies glowing firestick.
Pillatapa. From pinta red part in the mouth of a fish and ngani to move. Meaning: 'for the red to move rapidly'. This applies to the fish.
Jandruwanta. From karu grey and wandiri only, signifying 'only grey'. The point is that he had only grey hair.
From karlu testicle and worankana to disappear; to retire from.
Jauraworka. From warma debris that collects at the water's edge and from ngapa water. Meaning: 'bits of dry grass and leaves [that float on the surface] near the water's edge'.
Jauraworka. From tira mouth and wuldru narrow, signifying a 'narrow mouth'.
Jauraworka. This is [the name of] a huge animal that is now extinct.
Jauraworka. From kaka near and puna to grind, to crush into fragments
From ngardu type of edible seed, tjelpa leaf and -ni he. Meaning: 'one who pounds the ngardu seed together with the leaves'.
[The name of this muramura signifies] three feet.
From maru plain, pilla black, and -ni she. Meaning: 'one who camps on a dark plain'.
The name of this muramura signifies 'one who gives light'.
Tirari, means 'opossum'.
From murla peace-loving Reuther: "Friedeaner". and -ti from nganti animal, creature), signifying 'a peace-loving animal; a docile creature'.
From murla peace-loving Reuther: "Friedeaner". and para hair; crest, signifying something which is docile and wears a crest on its head. Reuther: "Hippe" 'scythe,' etc.. This is apparently a colloquial expression. The usual terms for a bird's crest are: Haube, Schopf, or Strauss. In the previous paragraph Reuther used the term "Haube".
From munta self) and tarana to ascend, to go up.
From munta self) and pata from patana to grasp, touch. Meaning: 'to grab, touch, keep for oneself'.
[compound of] munkuru cf. No. 1596 and pata from patana to grasp; to hold firmly. The meaning is precisely the opposite of munkuru.
From mudla face; nose) and wariwari from wariwarina to turn away). Meaning: 'one who turns his face away (in anger)'.
This word is a compound of mura deity and ngara heart [thus signifying] 'heart of the deity', or of mura deity and ngararina to turn into a heart. However, ngararina is derived from, or is a verbalised form of, ngarangara heart, and can also mean 'to think up an idea', or 'to deliberate on something'. But since ngarangara heart recognises the conscience as the activating agent, and ngarangara is often used in place of burka conscience, ngararina can also mean 'to make sure of, to certify something' respectively, '[make] a [matter of] conscience'. In that case mungara would mean that the deity becomes a matter of the conscience. Let us go a little more deeply into both of these derivation [theories]. Let it first be said, without a doubt, that the prefix mu- is derived from mura. (I) Murangara as heart of the deity. With this meaning the legend is in agreement. In the beginning there lived on earth only the muramura, that is, the demi-gods, the progenitors, the primeval ancestors. Reuther: "Urvaeter". These were mortal human beings, but were brought into existence by the Mura deity. While Kakalbuna was [once] sitting at Palkarakarani - he was a muramura, he saw the souls of the muramura who had just recently died winding their way upwards from this place; whereupon he remarked: "Those are muramura-ngara hearts of the tribal ancestors". From here the term mungara takes its origin. (II) In the case of soul-snatching Reuther: "Seelenraub". by the devil and the witch-doctors, ngarangara is commonly understood to mean soul. The devil and the witch-doctors do not mungara manina fetch or snatch away hearts. This, however, is intended to mean nothing more than to take away souls. In this instance mungara would denote nothing more than soul of the deity. One could perhaps also say part of the deity - which would not be entirely out of character with the language, for one [can] also say kana mungara marapu many human souls; numbers of souls, and yet thereby mean the people who are living. (III) Mura-ngararina. In the literal sense of the word, ngararina means to turn into a heart just as in the case when marda stone becomes mardarina to turn to stone; to become petrified Hence the meaning of the word mungara would be for the deity to have changed into a heart, i.e. to have embodied itself in a heart. If we now take into further consideration that the term 'heart' is applied also to the 'soul' (as we noted above), it follows as a natural consequence that mungara means deity turns into a soul; deity assumes the nature of a soul, i.e. it becomes a soul. Therefore, according to its literal meaning, the soul is nothing other than [something] of divine origin, a part of the Mura-god himself, as it were. The derivation [of the word, as outlined] above in (I), also corresponds with this explanation, for the native never Reuther himself has placed a question mark above this word. allows the heart to live on after death, but only the soul (mungara) and the spirit (kutji). [Moreover, Kakalbuna surely saw only the souls Reuther uses the singular in the case of both nouns, but in the interests of accuracy I have used the plural. [of the muramura] that had migrated from their bodies, but not their spirits, (kutji), for these remain confined to the vicinity of the grave-mounds; and after death the heart never again becomes the subject of conversation, but becomes evident only in the activation of the body and as the motivating agent Reuther: "handelnder Faktor". of the conscience. Thereby the conscience stands in the closest connection with the soul, for it is not the conscience (burka) which judges or condemns a good or bad deed, but the heart (ngara) The colloquial saying is: ngara ngakani jatai my heart tells me and not: burka ngakani jatai my conscience tells me The conscience (burka) inwardly senses the value of a deed, [but] it is the heart (ngara) which declares to a man a verdict on [his] deed.
From muntja fly and runga 'to buzz, to hum', meaning: 'a fly buzzes'.
From murla peace and bara hair, meaning: 'one that loves peace and has hairs, i.e. a crest Reuther: "Hippe" (See note under No. 1580) on its head'.
meaning: silent, noiseless.
compound of ngalpa bosom; the interior of a wurley) and buru without), i.e. unable to see the interior of a wurley.
This word is derived from ngarina to go or flow downstream and -mata indicating certainty. The meaning is: 'to be certain to flow downstream', or 'the water is on the way, it is positively coming down'.
This word is a compound of ngarangara heart and pitjana to sieve, to sift, to clean, i.e. 'to sift the seed in the coolamon from the chaff'. [The word] means: 'to sift the heart', i.e. to leave the body lie, while the heart (the soul) betakes itself outside of the body during a dream.
This word is a compound of ngama breast) and muru dry barren), signifying 'a sterile breast'. The implication is that the mother's breast, as far as the child is concerned, is dry so that the child can no longer drink because the mother is dead.
from ngadaia afterwards; backwards and pakaru forerunner, signifying: 'after the forerunners', i.e. to arrive later than those out in front.
This is a Wonkanguru word that has intruded [into the language], signifying kulno in Diari, e.g. kana nguru or kana kulno another person.
This word, derived from nguja variety, species, kind; manner and -ra (from) bra word, news, means 'manner and way of words', namely, how the young men received [instructions] from the elders regarding the customs, traditions and religion [of the tribe].
This word, derived from nguja kind, variety, species; manner and -la (from) jela together signifies 'with the same manner; to have the same style; to feel sympathetic'.
Derived from mguna arm and dulu to bend, Meaning: 'for the arms to bend'. The leaves of these lilies are curved like a sabre, hence the name.
From para hairs of the head and warana to move, signifying 'for the hairs to move'.
has become unfamiliar [and obsolete]).
compound of parla (cf. No. 2553) and kantji which indicates certainty. Meaning: 'sperm indeed'. Properly translated, the word means 'burning lust; hot passion'.
This is a Jauraworka and Jandruwanta word. Due to the friendly relationship [of these tribes] with the Diari. this word has been adopted into the language as palkana to travel in place of wapana to go. Thereby a distinction has been brought to light between 'to go' and 'to travel or wander about'. The two words now mutually complement each other. Cf. wapana.
Among the Tiraris, Woranas and our local Diaris this word means as much as 'without; not; no'. Here, at the same time, it has acquired the meaning of 'outside of, beyond; around outside', which in Diari is covered by [the term] worku around nearby.
[derived from] para hair of the head and warana to move about; to become twisted together. This means: 'for the hair to move about', as, for example, when the wind disturbs it. It is from this picture that the meaning of the word is derived, viz., to be confused; to be [mentally] bewildered, [so as] not to realise what one is doing. In this case the mind is thought of as being as agitated as the hair which the wind has disturbed. Hence the word.
derived from pirna big and -ru from nguru strong, means: 'very strong'.
This word is derived from pidana (to pound) and -ru from ngurunguru strong; always, and means: constantly to pound.
derived from pinta alliance; agreement; union and -ra from Mura, means 'sacred bond'.
Derived from mardu totem and -ka from kaka my mother's brother, i.e. my uncle, [the word] means: 'my mother's brother's (i.e. my uncle's) totem'.
[Derived from] pirra coolamon; hollow; bosom and nguru other; another), [the word] means: 'another bosom', that is to say, to have another wife or husband besides one's own wife or husband.
In Wonkanguru [the word means] 'to cry, weep'.
This word is a compound of tala name and -ra from mura deity, and signifies 'name of the deity', i.e. to call on the deity, in other words, to mention the name of the deity during a ceremonial song Reuther: "Goettergebetsgesang". [or sacred ceremony].
[Derived from] talpa ear and -la -ian, Reuther: "-aner" (as in Mohammedaner, Indianer, etc.). It is a suffix somewhat the equivalent of '-ian' (as in Egyptian) or '-er' (as in New Zealand-er), etc. i.e. 'one who doesn't listen'.
This word, derived from tarli Reuther: "tali". However, see No. 3104 for correct spelling. tongue; language and nguru strong, means: 'strong language, speech', in other words, what he [the father-in-law] says, goes.
The upper section of the Diari [tribe], the Jauraworkas and the Jandruwantas say manadunka to smell from the mouth (in the morning). This word has been taken over from the Tirari tribe and bears the form of a transitive verb. The original derivation of the verb is no longer ascertainable.
In Wonkanguru it is pitaru. The latter word has now passed into current usage here. cf. pitaru
derived from tidna foot; footprint and palara outside, signifies 'footprints from outside'.
Derived from tinka night; darkness and -ri from kuri to break forth; to sprout forth, it signifies: 'to break forth out of the darkness or for that which was hidden to come to light'.
Derived from tidna foot and -nkara -nkari a suffix which always denotes something adjacent to, it means 'adjacent to the feet'. Since all dead people are buried with the head facing the south, north lies adjacent to the feet. kudnankari south signifies adjacent to the crown of the head. ditjidunka east signifies sunrise, and ditjiwiri west signifies sunset. tiriwa east, meaning 'one side of the ribs', and jendakara west, meaning 'the other side of the ribs', has been introduced from the Wonkanguru. Just as the dead are buried, so also is it proper to lie down to sleep, [facing the south]. South is always described as a good country. Therefore one should urinate only towards the north.
The primary word, from which this verb has been derived, appears to have been lost.
Derived from tupu flower-bud and -ru from nguru closed, it signifies 'a flower-bud that is closed', respectively remains closed, that is to say, it doesn't develop into a flower.
This is a word that has intruded [into the language] in place of pilpiri.
Derived from waru fat; full and poto things, it means 'full of things'.
Derived from waru old and kati dress; garment, it signifies 'old or grey garment'.
This word is derived from wata not and -ra from ngura camp. It means: 'no camp, no peace, no rest'.
Derived from worana to throw and ngantjana to love, it means 'to love to throw'.
actually, jauara. Derived from jauana to scatter abroad; to disseminate and -ra from ngarangara heart, it means: 'to disseminate from the heart', i.e. to say (something) from the heart.